A review on physostigmine: As antidote and treatment of Alzhemier disease

Abstract

Physostigmine is Anticholinesterase (AChE) agent belongs to the class of serine hydrolases. The active site of AChE
comprises teo distinct regions an anionic site that possesses a glutamate residue and an esteratic site in which a histidine
imidozole ring and a serine –OH group are particularly important. Physostigmine is tertiary amine derivative.
Physotigmine is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, atony in the GI tract, and glaucoma. More recently, they have
received attention as symptomatic drug treatments in patients suffering from Alzheimer disease. Physostigmine is another
name is Eserine and Isopto- Eserine. Physostigmine is available in various salt forms like Physostigmine salicylate and
Physostigmine sulfate. Physostigmine action of main site postganlionic parasympathetic junction and duration of action is
medium. It is rapidly absorbed on oral or parental administration, crosses the blood brain barrier and exerts central
cholinergic action. This paper reviews the pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties of Physostigmine.