Nanotechnology based Oral Delivery of Insulin – A Retrospect

Abstract

Nanotechnology provides novel innovative means to detect, diagnose, and treat disease. In this regard,
numerous nanoparticles-based approaches have been taken in an effort to develop an effective oral insulin
therapy to treat diabetes. This paper gives the clear information on formulation of solid oral dosage form of
insulin using different types of polymers in Nanotechnology platform. In non-invasive therapy for Diabetes
Mellitus oral delivery is still a exciting job in Novel drug delivery system, Since degradation of insulin due to
presence of enzymes, pH changes in the gastrointestinal tract and absorption through the GI mucosa is doubtful.
In oral delivery Nanotechnology based insulin formulations which improves the bioavailability, absorption and
protect the insulin from enzymatic degradation. In nanotechnology based oral insulin drug delivery with high
bioavailability, various practical approaches might be most helpful like protecting insulin from enzymatic
degradation, use of penetration enhancers, chemical modification, Bioadhesive delivery system, use of
nanoparticales to improve bioavailability of insulin. Despite, various techniques each having its own limitation
and advantages, the oral route scores over the others for the ease of comfort with which the therapeutic agents
can be administered to the patients work on attempts to deliver insulin orally has definitely gathered momentum
and is no longer considered with pessimism to develop the oral insulin drug delivery system.