Analytical Techniques in Pharmaceutical Analysis: A Comprehensive Review
Keywords:
Pharmaceutical Analysis, Drug Quality Control, Titrimetric Methods, Chromatography, Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Hyphenated TechniquesAbstract
Pharmaceutical analysis underpins the integrity of modern drug development and global healthcare, ensuring medications meet stringent standards for safety, potency, and quality. As drug structures grow more intricate, analytical methodologies have evolved from traditional titration-based procedures to sophisticated, high-resolution, and hybrid approaches such as LC–MS and CE–MS. This review provides a comprehensive examination of core analytical techniques titrimetric methods, chromatography, spectroscopy, electrochemical methods, electrophoresis, flow-based systems, and hyphenated modalities and highlights how they interlink to sustain efficient pharmaceutical research and production. By integrating time-honored strategies with cutting-edge instrumentation, pharmaceutical analysis not only ensures compliance with regulatory requirements but also fuels ongoing innovation, positioning it as a dynamic, crucial frontier in drug science.