The Role of Laser Technology in Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Technique

Abstract

Urinary stone development (urolithiasis) is a common illness that presents substantial therapeutic problems. Laser technology has become a major breakthrough in the treatment of urolithiasis during the last few decades. An overview of laser treatment modalities is given in this abstract, with particular attention to their usefulness, safety, and position in contemporary urological practice. Treatment options catered to different kinds and sizes of stones have increased with the introduction of various laser technologies, such as the neodymium (ND), holmium (HO), and thulium lasers. In particular, laser has become widely accepted because of its greater capacity to efficiently break down both soft and hard stones. It breaks apart stones in the urinary tract because it works at a wavelength that water can readily absorb. By using a flexible fibre to administer laser energy endoscopically, the process targets stones directly while causing the least amount of tissue damage possible. Clinical research indicates that, in comparison to conventional techniques like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), laser lithotripsy delivers high rates of stone-free outcomes, decreased postoperative pain, and shortened recovery periods. Laser lithotripsy has drawbacks in spite of its benefits. It involves certain tools and knowledge, and there is a chance of consequences including bleeding or ureteral damage. Furthermore, accessibility may be impacted by financial factors and the requirement for additional training. In summary, laser treatment for urolithiasis offers improved precision and efficacy in stone management, marking a substantial development in urological care. It is projected that future research and technical advancements will further hone these methods, improving results and expanding their range of applications.