Formulation and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Herbal Hand Sanitizer and Disinfectant Using Ethanolic Bark Extract of Acacia nilotica Linn

Abstract

This study investigates the formulation and in-vitro antimicrobial evaluation of herbal hand sanitizer and disinfectant utilizing the ethanolic bark extract of Acacia nilotica Linn. The bark extract was subjected to phytochemical screening to confirm the presence of bioactive compounds. Two distinct formulations, a hand sanitizer and a disinfectant spray, were developed and evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy against common pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The formulations underwent physicochemical analysis, stability testing under varied conditions, and skin compatibility assessment. Both formulations exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with zones of inhibition comparable to standard antibiotics, suggesting the potential of A. nilotica as an eco-friendly and effective antimicrobial agent for hygiene applications.